Internal-combustion engine.



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I 1,189,267. Putenteil m 1 1916 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

HEBRON B. LAYMAN, OF NEW YORK, N, Y.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 4, 1916,.

Application filed March 31, 191i. Serial No. 828,431.

To all w ham it may concern a citizen of theoUnited States, and residing at New York, in the county of New York, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification, such'as will enable those skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to what are known as internal combustion or explosive engines, in which the cylinders are provided with heads containing explosion chambers, and in which the inlets and exhausts to and from the explosion chambers are controlled by cylindrical or sleeve valves, and the object of this invention is to provide valves of this class which are placed above, or beyond the limit of movement of the pistons and means for operating said valves located above the cylinders and the heads thereof and in direct connection with said valves, and whereby said valves are given a combined reciprocat ing longitudinal movement, and reciprocating rotary movement, and whereby any particular point on the said valves will describe, in the course of a complete movement thereof, an ellipse, or a figure representing approximately an ellipse.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown a partial water circulating system involving passages or chambers outside of the cylinders and the explosionheads thereof, and extending into and through said heads and inclosing the explosion chambers therein, and also inclosing the valve chambers both inside and outside thereof, but this water circulating system forms no part of this invention and is not fully shown and described.

The invention forming the basis of this application is fully disclosed in the following specification, of which the accompanying drawing forms a part, in which the separate parts of my improvement are designated by suitable reference characters in each of the views, and in which Figure l is a sectional side view of a part of the top portion of an explosion engine made according to my invention, and showing two cylinders and corresponding parts :Fig. 2 a section on the line 22 of Fig. 1, aud;-Fig. 3 a plan view of a valve operating crank shaft which I employ, and

of, including the heads the valve chambers showing the method of connecting the valves therewith.

My invention is preferably applied to what are known four cycle, four cylinder engines, but it will be understood that any desired number of cylinders may be employed, two of which are shown in the drawings,- and in carrying my invention into effect, I provide cylinders a having explosion heads b which, in the form of 00114 struction shown, constitute extensionsof the cylinders'a, and which contain the explosion chambers Z2 with which the manifold pas-- sages c communicate In the construction shown, the explosion heads I) are of less transverse dimensions than the cylinders a, but this is not an esscntial feature and said explosion heads may be of any desired transverse dimensions. The explosion heads I) are provided with annular alve chambers Zr in which are placed cylindrical or sleeve valves a, and the valve chambers Z'fi are closed at the bottom and open at the top, and he valves d extend above the tops of the explosion heads Z) of the cylinders and preferably provided with reinforcing and strengthening rims d The cylinders a, or the top portions thereare inclosed by the usual. main outer jacket or casing e forming main water chambers or pages f which inclose, or partially inclose the explosion heads of the cylinders, in the usual manner, and said explosion heads are provided with supplemental water chambers or passages f and f which communicate with the main water chambers or passages f below the valve chambers 6 as shown at f", and with this construction, the water circulates through the explosion heads and outside thereof, and inide and outside of or the walls thereof, and this water also circulates around the manifold passages c, in the usual manner, and said water may be introduced. into said circulating system at any desired point, or in any preferred way, and discharged therefrom in a similar manner.

The main outer casing or jacket 1 of the engine is provided with a longitudinal raised top portion 6 having a detachable cap or cover a and forming a chamber g in which is mounted. a valve operating crank shaft 7:, having bearing members i and 2' formed in connection with the detachable 1 cap e and the part c of the main outer casing or jacket 6, and the shaft 11,, where it passes through the bearings i and i is preferably provided with sleeves i composed of separate parts, and the crank shaft h is bers (Z* open at both sides and in which are placed two annular bearing members or collars tl and cl, the latter of which are provided with flanges or rims d by which they are secured to the box-shaped bearing members (I and these bearing members (Z (Z and (Z form a casing in which are placed spherical or approximately spherical two part bear lugs 65 mounted on the cranks 71 of the shaft h. The cranks h are longer than the corresponding diameter of the bearing members (l and said bearing members (Z with their inclosing casing composed of the parts cl d and d are movable longitudinally on said cranks, and this method of connecting the valves with the shaft forms a universal joint or coupling, whereby, when the shaft h is turned, the valves at will be given a vertical, or longitudinal, reciprocating movement combined with a rotary reciprocating movement, whereby, any point on said valves will move through, or describe at any complete movement thereof, a figure of the form of an ellipse, or approximately so.

The openings in the sides of the boxshaped bearing members cl that are closed by the collars (1 are much larger than the opposite openings (1 in said box-shaped bearing members, but said openings (Z are also much larger diametrically than the cranks h of the shaft h in transverse sec- 7 'tion, and this facilitates, as will be underwith the valves cl is placed in position, the cap or cover 6 of the main outer casing or jacket being secured in place, after the shaft,

valves, and other parts have been assembled and placed in position, as described.

The manifold passages c are placed in communication with the explosion chambers amaze? 25 in the heads I; of the cylinders and at the opposite sides thereof by means of ports orpassages j, three of which are'preferably employed at each side, and corresponding ports or passages 76 in the opposite sides of the sleeve valves 03. The ports or passages y' are preferably angular in form and are provided with larger and smaller ends, the larger ends being directed upwardly, while the ports or passages 7c in the valves (1 are of similar form, but the larger ends thereof are directed downwardly. The ports or passages 7c in one side of the sleeve valves (Z are below those in the other side, as usual in this class of devices and in each complete movement of the valve cl, each of the ports or passages would describe a figure approximately that of an ellipse, and the corresponding ports or passages j in the opposite sides of the explosion chambers would all be alternately opened and closed during the functioning ,of the parts in the usual manner, The shaft it is provided at one end with a beveled gear 971,, and the main casing or jacket 6 of the engine is Provided at said end with a vertically arranged chamber/n in which is mounted a vertical shaft 0 provided at .its upper end with a beveled gear 7) which meshes with the gear m, and the lower end of the shaft 0 is geared in connection with the main crank shaft of the engine, not shown, and this gearing and the gears m and p are such that the shaft 72, is turned with one half the speed of the main crank shaft.

Although I have shown and described the explosion heads of the cylinders as consisting of extensions of said cylinders,it must scope of the a pended claims, without departing from tie spirit of my invention or sacrificing its advantages. v

Having fully described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In an internal combustion engine, a

cylinder, having an explosion head provided with mlet and exhaust ports, a sleeve valve for controlling said ports, and a valve operating crank shaft mounted over said explosion head and in a vertical plane p ssing centrally and longitudinally throng the head, said crank shaft and said valve being geared in connection by a universal joint through which a crank of said crank shaft passes.

III engine and the cylinder and the explosion 2. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having an explosion head provided with inlet and exhaust ports, a sleeve valve for controlling said ports, and a valve operating crank shaftinounted over said explo sion head and in a. vertical plane passing centrally and longitudinally through the engine and the cylinder and the explosion head, said valve being provided at one side with a raised member which is geared in connection with said crank shaft by a universal joint through which a crank of said crank shaft passes,

3. In an internal combustion engine, a vertically arranged cylinder having a ported explosion head controlled by a ported sleeve valve, and a valve operating crank shaft mounted above the explosion head, said valve being provided at one side with a raised member which is geared in direct connection with said crank shaft by a universal joint whereby said valve is given a compound longitudinally reciprocating, rotary oscillating movement.

5 An internal combustion engine having a cylinder provided with an explosion head having inlet and exhaust ports, a sleeve valve for controllin said )orts a crank shaft mounted centrally over the explosion With said valve by means of a universal joint, and said crank shaft being also inclosed in a chamber independent of the Water circulating passages or chambers of the engine and having a removable cap.

5. In an internal combustion engine, a cylinder having an explosion chamber, a piston adapted to reciprocate in said cylinder, a valve controlling the inlet and exhaust ports of the explosion chamber and adapted to reciprocate longitudinally and oscillate circumferentially, a shaft at the upper end of said cylinder and extending transversely thereof, a crank on said shaft, and means for engaging said crank with said valve eccentric of the latter whereby said 'valve is reciprocated and oscillated.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of the subscribing witnesses this 30th day of March, 1914.

' HEBRON B; LAYMAN. Witnesses:

C. MULnnANY,

S. ANDREWS. 

